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web-u2 [2019/09/23 13:47] – [WITRN U2 V2.0] typo kingkevinweb-u2 [2024/01/07 17:49] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 There are other messages to get the device's serial number and firmware version, but I did not reverse those. There are other messages to get the device's serial number and firmware version, but I did not reverse those.
 +
 +I've implemented a software (C program for Linux) to read to measurements over USB and output it as CSV.
 +You can find it in the [[https://git.cuvoodoo.info/kingkevin/web-u2/|git]].
 ==== Bluetooth Serial ==== ==== Bluetooth Serial ====
 +
 +The Qway has an optional Bluetooth module.
 +This allows getting the measurement without physical connection (e.g. the USB HID port).
 +You can use the [[#resources|Android app]] to communicate with the device.
 +
 +I reversed the protocol so I can get the raw data myself.
 +Scan for Bluetooth (Low Energy) devices and look for one named ''QWAY_U2_xxx'', with ''xxx'' being the device's serial number.
 +There is no need to pair with the device.
 +You can directly connect to it.
 +Data is then exchanged using the GATT characteristic ''0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb''.
 +
 +On the [[#hardware|hardware side]], the Bluetooth board uses a [[http://www.martyncurrey.com/hm-10-bluetooth-4ble-modules/|HM-10 module]] (with TI CC2541 chip) to send the measurement over Bluetooth Low Energy.
 +The main board is connected to the Bluetooth board using spring contacts and uses UART to communicate with the module (at 115200 bps).
 +
 +First send the message ''0xf1 0x01 0x00 0x00 0x00 0xfe'' to get device information.
 +The device will reply with a message using the following format (the bytes use little endian order):
 +
 +<code>
 +0xf1 0x01 0x30 0x31 0x31 0x33 0x33 0x37 0x67 0x14 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x32 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x03 0x00
 +</code>
 +
 +^ index ^ byte(s) ^ format ^ meaning ^
 +| 0-1 | ''f1 01'' | constant | header |
 +| 2-7 | ''30 31 31 33 33 37'' | ASCII | device's serial (here 011337) |
 +| 8 | ''67'' | nibbles | firmware version (here 6.7) |
 +| 9-12 | ''14 00 00 00'' | uint32 | number of times the device has run (here 20) |
 +| 13-14 | ''32 00'' | uint16 | current threshold for recording, in mA (here 50 mA) |
 +| 14-17 | ''00 00 00 00'' | float | energy recorded for this group, in Wh (here 0). note: the data overlaps with the previous field |
 +| 18 | ''03'' | uint8 | current recording group number (here 3 + 1 = 4) |
 +| 19 | ''00'' | constant | trailer |
 +
 +The device then sends measurements for a bit of time.
 +To keep the device sending measurements, send periodically the following message:
 +
 +<code>
 +0xf1 0x02 0x00 0x00 0x00 0xfe
 +</code>
 +
 +A complete measruement set is comprised of 5 messages.
 +But each message includes the voltage and current measurements, providing a higher time resolution for these values.
 +
 +^ index ^ byte(s) ^ format ^ meaning ^
 +| 0-1 | ''fe 01'' | constant | header form message 1 |
 +| 2-5 | | float | VBUS voltage, in V |
 +| 6-9 | | float | VBUS current, in A |
 +| 10-13 | | float | D+ voltage, in V |
 +| 14-17 | | float | D- voltage, in V |
 +| 18 | | uint8 | current recording group number, add 1 |
 +| 19 | ''00'' | constant | trailer |
 +
 +^ index ^ byte(s) ^ format ^ meaning ^
 +| 0-1 | ''fe 02'' | constant | header form message 2 |
 +| 2-5 | | float | VBUS voltage, in V |
 +| 6-9 | | float | VBUS current, in A |
 +| 10-13 | | float | internal temperature, in °C |
 +| 14-17 | | float | external temperature (from USB probe), in °C |
 +| 18 | | uint8 | current recording group number, add 1 |
 +| 19 | ''00'' | constant | trailer |
 +
 +^ index ^ byte(s) ^ format ^ meaning ^
 +| 0-1 | ''fe 03'' | constant | header form message 3 |
 +| 2-5 | | float | VBUS voltage, in V |
 +| 6-9 | | float | VBUS current, in A |
 +| 10-13 | | uint32 | on time, in s |
 +| 14-17 | | uint32 | recording time, in s |
 +| 18 | | uint8 | current recording group number, add 1 |
 +| 19 | ''00'' | constant | trailer |
 +
 +^ index ^ byte(s) ^ format ^ meaning ^
 +| 0-1 | ''fe 04'' | constant | header form message 1 |
 +| 2-5 | | float | VBUS voltage, in V |
 +| 6-9 | | float | VBUS current, in A |
 +| 10 | | int8 | acceleration value, X-axis |
 +| 11 | | int8 | acceleration value, Y-axis |
 +| 12 | | int8 | acceleration value, Z-axis |
 +| 14-17 | | uint32 | recording time, in s |
 +| 18 | | uint8 | current recording group number, add 1 |
 +| 19 | ''00'' | constant | trailer |
 +
 +^ index ^ byte(s) ^ format ^ meaning ^
 +| 0-1 | ''fe 01'' | constant | header form message 1 |
 +| 2-5 | | float | VBUS voltage, in V |
 +| 6-9 | | float | VBUS current, in A |
 +| 10-13 | | float | recorded charge, in Ah |
 +| 14-17 | | float | recorded energy, in Wh |
 +| 18 | | uint8 | current recording group number, add 1 |
 +| 19 | ''00'' | constant | trailer |
 +
 +when the device is unresponsive, the Bluetooth app sends the following message (with some data instead of the 00):
 +
 +<code>
 +0xf1 0x03 0x00 0x00 0x00 0xfe
 +</code>
 +
 +I did not take time to reverse this since I got the measurements I was looking for.
 +
 +I've implemented a software (C program for Linux) to read to measurements over Bluetooth and output it as CSV.
 +You can find it in the [[https://git.cuvoodoo.info/kingkevin/web-u2/|git]].
web-u2.1569246460.txt.gz · Last modified: 2024/01/07 17:49 (external edit)